THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WAE REBO AS A COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM DESTINATION IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA

Wae Rebo is a unique traditional village, known as a famous cone shape house architectures and called in Manggarai language is Mbaru Niang, it has been there since 1920. Mbaru Niang has seven building with the different name, there are Niang Gendang, Niang Gena Mandok, Niang Gena Jekong, Niang Gena Ndorom, Niang Gena Jintam, dan Niang Gena Maro. They were built in a sphere around an altar with the circle shape, called Compang. The people of wae rebo consider Compang as sacred things. Wae Rebo also has other kinds of culture like Penti ceremony and Caci dance. Not only do the have kinds of cultures2 but they also have rich potentials of nature like mountain range forest, and then any type of bird-like Gagak Flores (Corvus florensis) and Celepuk Flores (Otus alfredi). They are known as the endemic species of Flores Island. Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is a tourism concept that used in wae rebo tourism development application. CBT concept in the wae rebo tourism application from the beginning like planning, implementation, and the last is controlling doing by society. To protect the culture, people of wae rebo make a community of society organization named Lembaga Pelestari Budaya Wae Rebo and supported by social organization. The motto of that Lembaga Pelestari Budaya Wae Rebo is “Mohe Wae Rebo. Meaning of that motto is Keep Wae Rebo alive.


Background
Tourism is anything to do with voluntary and temporary travel activities to enjoy tourism objects and attractions, including entrepreneurial objects and tourist attractions, as well as related businesses in the field (Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 9 of the Year. 1999 on Tourism). The current development of Tourism greatly affects local people who seek to develop tourism in the region, in the hope to meet the needs and quality of life of the community. The influence of tourism is expected to be able to develop investment, increase employment, and able to lift the image of tourist destinations. The development of tourism is now able to grow to the corners of the region that started as a rural area that only relies on agricultural and plantation crops, the social life of the community, and local wisdom that has existed since the past. Tourism Village Development as an object and tourist attraction will be directly related to tourists who live in a traditional village or close to a traditional village, or just for a stopover visit where the location of this tourist village is usually located in a remote area. Tourists not only witness the traditional culture, but usually participate directly in the activities of local communities. Marpaung (2002). Thus the social role of the community is expected to participate in the development of the tourist village so that there is no gap between the local people and the tourists. One form of participation in the development of tourism is to apply the concept of Community-Based Tourism (CBT). The concept of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is closely related to sustainable tourism development. Both of them give priority to the benefits of development for society, especially economic, socio-cultural, and environmental benefits (Richards and Hall 2000: 1) in Darma Putra (2015). The influence of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) will be applied in the development of the real Wae Rebo is not an administrative village recognized by the Government. Called

Formulation of the Problem
Based on the background contained in this proposal the author can draw the formulation of the problem as follows:

Research Objectives
The purpose of this paper is as follows: 1.3.1 To know the components of tourism products in Wae Rebo.
1.3.2 To know the development of Wae Rebo as a tourism destination.

To know the participation of the community in tourism development in Wae
Rebo.

Benefits of research
Benefits of writing this thesis are addressed to Students, Bali International Tourism Institute, Wae Rebo and Local Government of Manggarai Regency.

for Students
As an implementation and comparison of the theories that have been studied on the bench with real-life events. It is also used as a pivot for writers to gain knowledge and add insight both theoretically and empirically in scientific work in order to be able to finish thesis well.

Understanding of Tourism
T o u r i s m i s a v a r i e t y o f t o u r i s m a c t i v i t i e s a n d s u p p o r t e d b y v a r i o u s facilities and services provided by the community, businessmen, and government. Ismayanti (2010). Tourism is an industry, although tourism increases a variety of industries. Tourism is an activity done by people who travel. Mill (2000).
According to Law No.10 (2009) on tourism, what is meant by tourism is a variety of tourism activities and supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, businessmen, government and local government. According to Yoeti (1996: 112) in Suwena and Widyatmaja (2010). Etymologically the word tourism comes from Sanskrit which consists of two words namely pari and wisata.
Pari means "many" or "around", while wisata means "to go or" to travel ". On the basis of that, the word Tourism should be interpreted as a trip that is done repeatedly or circling, from one place to another, which in English is called the word "tour", while for the definition of plural, the word "tourism" can be used the word "tourism" or "tourism".

Tourism Development
Tourism development is a series of efforts to realize the integration in the use of various tourism resources, integrating all forms of aspects outside of tourism-related directly or indirectly to the sustainability of tourism development.
Swarbrooke (1996). According to Sunaryo (2013), various lattices of understanding of tourism destinations as well as adapted from many limitations of JBHOST, Vol 03 Issue 1, 2017: 55-79 ISSN 2527 59 understanding that has been given by experts, such as; Cooper et al (1998) essentially contains the same objective that the tourism development framework should at least include the main components shown in the following illustration:

Community-Based Tourism and Culture
Community-based tourism is a type of tourism that promotes community participation in financing, development, management, and ownership. Hausler and Strasdas (2003). According to Garrod (2001: 4) in Pantiyasa (2012), there are two approaches related to the application of the principles of planning in the context of tourism. The first approach that tends to be associated with formal planning strongly emphasizes the potential benefits of ecotourism. The second approach tends to be associated with participatory planning terms that are more concerned with more balanced provisions and arrangements between the building and controlled planning. This approach emphasizes more on sensitivity to the natural environment, in the impact of ecotourism development. One form of participatory Culture-based tourism is a type of tourism based on place, tradition, art, ceremonies, and experiences that take pictures of nations/tribes, reflecting the diversity and identity of the community or nation concerned. Cultural tourism can be seen as an opportunity for travelers to experience, understand and appreciate the character of the destination, its wealth and cultural diversity. Cultural tourism provides direct personal contact with local communities and to individuals with special knowledge of a cultural object. Pitana & Diarta (2009).

Community Participation in Community-Based Tourism Development
Wae Rebo village is a fully managed destination based on the initiative of the local community. Since the planning, structuring, management, and

Destination Life Cycle
The level of tourist development in Wae Rebo, when associated with the destination life cycle, is currently in the Involvement stage of increased visitors who encourage locals to offer exclusive facilities to visitors. Contact with local residents remains high and some of them begin to adjust their social patterns to accommodate changes in economic conditions due to the presence of tourists.
Promotion of tourism destinations began to be initiated. As shown in the following figure. The reason the author chose Wae Rebo as the object of research because according to the author's view, the area has a uniqueness that has not been encountered by writers in various tourist attractions in Indonesia. Therefore, the writer's great hope is able to produce something good for the research and the object. The study took place from January 2017 to May 2017.

Operational definition
Community participation in tourism development in Wae Rebo village is the direct involvement of the community that includes planning, management, and control, so that people can feel directly the results and benefits of tourism

Types and Data Sources
Based on the type of data used in this study are as follows: a. Qualitative Data Qualitative data is data in the form of words, sentences, gestures, facial expressions, charts, pictures and photos. Sugiyono (2014). In this study qualitative data is data information that is described in detail about the general picture of wae

Data Analysis Technique
The technique in analyzing the data, the writer using data analysis techniques proposed by Miles and Huberman (1984) in Sugiyono (2014)

Components of Tourism Products in Wae Rebo
The components of tourism products Wae Rebo which offer include: and clever in performing dance movement, and singing regional song, because at the time of this dance will be accompanied by drum music, gong , as well as leather and fitted with woven rattan at the end); 6) Nggiling (is a round shield made of dried buffalo leather, its function is to block an opponent attack while performing a Caci dance); 7) Agang or Tereng (a bow made of small bamboo or rattan that serves as a tool to fend off the opponent's attack.

4) The Sacred of Weasel
Weasel is an animal that is highly respected by the people of Wae Rebo. It is said that when he lived in the village of Popo, Empo Maro and his relatives experienced an event that later made the people of Wae Rebo not dare to kill or eat the meat. The story begins with a conflict that occurs when there is a mother who is pregnant but the mother is difficult to give birth when the pregnancy has passed a normal pregnancy, then Empo Maro decided that he should help by splitting the mother's stomach using a knife with the aim that the children are born safely. Empo Maro's decision to save the child but the mother's life cannot be saved. A few years later, the news of the mother's death was due to the fact that Empo Maro's labor was wrong to cause the mother to die. The mother's family was so angry that she planned to attack the Empo Maro, but there was a weasel coming to save Empo Maro. The weasel tells the intentions of the mother's family who will attack the Empo Maro, so the weasel also advises to leave the village immediately, Empo Maro responds well so that he survived the attack. Therefore the story of the weasel that saved the Empo Maro family was inherited until now and became a very sacred animal in the village of Wae Rebo.

1) Agro Tourism
In addition to nature and culture developed as a tourist attraction in Wae Rebo is an alternative tourism one of agro-tourism. Wae Rebo agro-tourism is offering tourists to feel different things that tourists are invited to surround the c offee pl an ta tion whil e in troduci ng some ty pes of c offe e that exis te d i n the plantation. Wae Rebo agro-tourism is still very new because it was launched in 2013, to offer different things that introduce the type of coffee Wae Rebo to tourists. Some of the original types of Wae Rebo coffee are Arabica, Robusta, and Columbia coffee are excellent coffee runs without the use of medicines such as pesticide, but the coffee trees are allowed to grow according to the actual cultivation cycle so as to produce a typical coffee bean with the original aroma.
The community will offer tourists the right to get involved in picking coffee beans a few meters away from the village. Katup, (2017).

2) Hiking Tours
The presence of Wae Rebo village above the altitude of 1.117 dpl is an access that is desired by tourists lovers of hiking, therefore when a trip to the unique village tourists is encouraged to keep the physical condition to stay healthy so as not to interfere on the way. Hiking is done for 4 hours but this time certainly does not mean if the selected tourist object for the trip in accordance with the hobby of tourists. The trail is a little steep but the scenery during hiking activities will eliminate the fatigue. When traveling to Wae Rebo from Labuan Bajo, tourists will pass several famous attractions such as Todo and Spider Rice Field Cancar. Spider Rice Field Cancar is a rice field belonging to the Manggarai community that has a form similar to a spider's web, but based on the Manggarai community story that the shape of the rice field has the same story as the Mbaru Niang framework in Wae Rebo. If tourists choose to pass through Ruteng then it will pass some interesting objects such as; Liang Bua, Pantai and Pulau Mules.

Amenities
The

The Development of Wae Rebo As a Tourism Destination
The development of tourism in Wae Rebo continues to experience a positive increase, therefore the expectation from the public that the current increase of tourists will continue to grow up.  Based on the above statement it can be known how much income earned in the community Wae Rebo from the field of tourism.

Development of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) Concept in Wae Rebo
Five aspects that become important supporters in applying the concept of Community Based Tourism are described in Matutano (2016

Conclusions
Based on the results and discussions that have been described then it can be concluded as follows.
1. Viewed from the aspect of tourism product components, the development of Wae Re bo a s a destina tion is s upporte d by the existence of seve ral touri sm potentials such as: 1) Tourist Attraction: has beautiful nature, riches of biodiversity, culture, and strong local wisdom, possesses unique architecture, agro tours, and hiking. 2) Accessibility of the road is adequate for a destination area but Firstly, community participation is jointly involved in discussing and taking decisions for future plans and tourism development of Wae Rebo in a meeting facilitated by Lembaga Pelestari Budaya (LPBW). Second, community participation in accountability of tourism management plan in Wae Rebo. The participation is to maintain security, to maintain cleanliness, to keep ancestral objects, to preserve local wisdom and more especially to mothers participating in processing and preparing food for tourists. Third, the community participation in obtaining benefits that are by selling the loom, sell some typical souvenirs.
Fourth, community participation in evaluation meetings held by LPBW that takes pl ace every mon th to di sc uss the re sul ts achi eve d, an d the en d of the y ear discussing finance and all activities for one year. Fifth, full community participation in attending all meetings organized by LPBW.
3. The development of tourism in Wae Rebo is to improve the quality of attraction based on the components of tourism products, improve cooperation with tourism industry players, improve the quality of human resources, and promote promotion through internet and television media on an ongoing basis.

Suggestions
In this paper, the authors provide advice to: