THE EFFECT OF REGULATIONS ON USING DISPOSABLE PLASTIC IN COMMUNITY AND TOURISM BEHAVIORS IN DENPASAR, BALI

Plastic waste have been a problem for the sustainability of tourism, especially Bali. Efforts to reduce plastic waste have been carried out by the government, such as the issuance of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 and then followed by Bali Governor Regulation Number 97 of 2018. This paper aims to find out the opinions and changes in behavior of Balinese people, especially in Denpasar City after the enactment of the Denpasar Mayor Regulation and the Bali Governor Regulation about plastic waste. Data collection carried out through questionnaires distributed to tourists, students (tourism department), traders, the general public, and Lecturer. The result is everyone is aware of the government regulation on limiting single-use plastic bags, but some residents only know about the existence of government regulations without knowing where the regulations came from. Most of the people agree with the policy, but there are also people who disagree because the use of plastic bags is more efficient, however. This policy has led people to cultivate bringing their shopping bags. Keyword: Plastic Waste; Sustainability of Tourism; Regulation of Government. INTRODUCTION Bali is one of the national and foreign tourist destinations. Bali as a tourist destination is due to its unique culture and natural beauty. The Island of the Gods has won various titles as the best tourist in the world. However, this condition is tainted by the accumulation of garbage. The number of tourists is directly proportional to the amount of waste produced. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) states that tourists will produce 6 times more waste (WWFIndonesia, 2015). Even food waste is staggering. Indonesia contributed around 13 million tons of food waste (Lemy, D., Rahardja, A., & Kilya, C., 2021). Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry for 2017-2018, the amount of daily waste generation in the capital city according to sources in Bali Province is 1091.55 tons / day, this data is dominated by Denpasar City, which is 750 tons / day. The source of solid waste in Bali is household waste, namely 53.51%. The amount of waste buried in the TPA is 535.57 tons / day and the amount of unmanaged waste is around 42.97 tons / day in Denpasar City in 2018. Plastic waste to be broken down takes 200 1,000 years. Plastic waste can cause pollution to soil, groundwater, and underground creatures. PCB compounds Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism PISSN 2527-9092 Vol 07 No 01, 2021: 33-38 EISSN 2527-6921 https://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jbhost.v7i1 34 https://jbhost.org/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) which cannot be decomposed even though they are eaten by animals or plants (Purwaringrum in Qodriyatun, 2018). Seeing this, the Denpasar City Government issued a policy of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 concerning Reduction the Use of Plastic Bags which includes reducing the use of plastic bags. The Bali Provincial Government then made a more detailed regulation, namely the Governor of Bali Regulation Number 97 of 2018 concerning Limitation of Single-Use Plastic Waste which includes restrictions on plastic bags, polystyrene (Styrofoam), and plastic straws. These two policies were made in an effort to control the impact of using plastic bags that can cause environmental problems. Based on this, this paper aims to find out the opinions and changes in behavior of the Balinese people, especially Denpasar City. METHODOLOGY The research method used is a qualitative method with observation, questionnaires, and interviews (Aditya, 2013). The questionnaire was distributed to tourists, students (tourism department), traders, the general public (buyers), and teacher. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Nowadays, almost everyone uses plastic for food and drinks such as bags, straws, food wrappers, glasses and many more which will then end up as trash (Wanda, 2019). Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 concerning Reducing the Use of Plastic Bags states that the use of plastic bags can cause environmental problems, disrupt human health and other living things so that efforts are needed to control the impact of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are bags made of / or containing plastic, latex or polyethylene, thermoplastic synthetic polymeric, or other similar materials, with / or without handrails, which are used as a medium for lifting or transporting goods. Whereas in the Governor Regulation Number 97 of 2018 concerning Limitation of the Incidence of Single-Use Plastic Waste in article 13, the community plays an active role in limiting the generation of singleuse waste which includes not using single-use plastic in their daily activities and actively preventing the use of single-use plastics. The questionnaire made by the researcher is expected to represent the opinions of Balinese people, especially Denpasar based on work background. 1. Student (Department Of Tourism) A total of 20 questionnaires were distributed to students, especially the tourism department, where students represent young people who have more critical thinking and will be the successors in the future, as well as those who will feel the impact of plastic waste, especially for tourism in Bali. All students were aware of the regulation against reducing the use of plastic where 14 students were aware of the Bali Governor Regulation and 6 students were aware of the Denpasar Mayor Regulation (Figure 1), but they had never read the regulation directly. Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism PISSN 2527-9092 Vol 07 No 01, 2021: 33-38 EISSN 2527-6921 https://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jbhost.v7i1 35 https://jbhost.org/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Figure 2 All students agree to this regulation because it can reduce the generation of plastic waste that can pollute the environment. But according to them the policy is still difficult to implement because of the habit of people who think that using single-use plastics is more efficient. 2. General Community Humans today cannot escape the use of plastic in everyday life. Plastics have the properties of being strong, lightweight, flexible, corrosion resistant, not easy to break, easy to color, easy to shape, and as an insulator. Plastics can be in the form of bars, sheets, or blocks, as well as in the form of products in the form of bottles, food wrappers, product wrappers, pipes, cutlery, and others (Purwaningrum, 2016).


INTRODUCTION
Bali is one of the national and foreign tourist destinations. Bali as a tourist destination is due to its unique culture and natural beauty. The Island of the Gods has won various titles as the best tourist in the world. However, this condition is tainted by the accumulation of garbage. The number of tourists is directly proportional to the amount of waste produced. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) states that tourists will produce 6 times more waste (WWF-Indonesia, 2015). Even food waste is staggering. Indonesia contributed around 13 million tons of food waste (Lemy, D., Rahardja, A., & Kilya, C., 2021).
Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry for 2017-2018, the amount of daily waste generation in the capital city according to sources in Bali Province is 1091.55 tons / day, this data is dominated by Denpasar City, which is 750 tons / day. The source of solid waste in Bali is household waste, namely 53.51%. The amount of waste buried in the TPA is 535.57 tons / day and the amount of unmanaged waste is around 42.97 tons / day in Denpasar City in 2018.
Plastic waste to be broken down takes 200 -1,000 years. Plastic waste can cause pollution to soil, groundwater, and underground creatures. PCB compounds (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) which cannot be decomposed even though they are eaten by animals or plants (Purwaringrum in Qodriyatun, 2018). Seeing this, the Denpasar City Government issued a policy of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 concerning Reduction the Use of Plastic Bags which includes reducing the use of plastic bags. The Bali Provincial Government then made a more detailed regulation, namely the Governor of Bali Regulation Number 97 of 2018 concerning Limitation of Single-Use Plastic Waste which includes restrictions on plastic bags, polystyrene (Styrofoam), and plastic straws. These two policies were made in an effort to control the impact of using plastic bags that can cause environmental problems. Based on this, this paper aims to find out the opinions and changes in behavior of the Balinese people, especially Denpasar City.

METHODOLOGY
The research method used is a qualitative method with observation, questionnaires, and interviews (Aditya, 2013). The questionnaire was distributed to tourists, students (tourism department), traders, the general public (buyers), and teacher.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Nowadays, almost everyone uses plastic for food and drinks such as bags, straws, food wrappers, glasses and many more which will then end up as trash (Wanda, 2019). Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 concerning Reducing the Use of Plastic Bags states that the use of plastic bags can cause environmental problems, disrupt human health and other living things so that efforts are needed to control the impact of using plastic bags. Plastic bags are bags made of / or containing plastic, latex or polyethylene, thermoplastic synthetic polymeric, or other similar materials, with / or without handrails, which are used as a medium for lifting or transporting goods. Whereas in the Governor Regulation Number 97 of 2018 concerning Limitation of the Incidence of Single-Use Plastic Waste in article 13, the community plays an active role in limiting the generation of singleuse waste which includes not using single-use plastic in their daily activities and actively preventing the use of single-use plastics. The questionnaire made by the researcher is expected to represent the opinions of Balinese people, especially Denpasar based on work background.

Student (Department Of Tourism)
A total of 20 questionnaires were distributed to students, especially the tourism department, where students represent young people who have more critical thinking and will be the successors in the future, as well as those who will feel the impact of plastic waste, especially for tourism in Bali. All students were aware of the regulation against reducing the use of plastic where 14 students were aware of the Bali Governor Regulation and 6 students were aware of the Denpasar Mayor Regulation (Figure 1), but they had never read the regulation directly.  All students agree to this regulation because it can reduce the generation of plastic waste that can pollute the environment. But according to them the policy is still difficult to implement because of the habit of people who think that using single-use plastics is more efficient.

General Community
Humans today cannot escape the use of plastic in everyday life. Plastics have the properties of being strong, lightweight, flexible, corrosion resistant, not easy to break, easy to color, easy to shape, and as an insulator. Plastics can be in the form of bars, sheets, or blocks, as well as in the form of products in the form of bottles, food wrappers, product wrappers, pipes, cutlery, and others (Purwaningrum, 2016).

Figure 3
20 questionnaires were distributed to the public representing buyers. All of them knew about the plastic reduction policy, 6 people knew it came from the Bali Governor Regulation and 4 people knew from the Denpasar Mayor Regulation, while 10 people only knew that the regulation came from the government alone ( Figure 2). In this case, the public is more aware that in Bali, especially Denpasar, there is a government regulation regarding large shops and supermarkets that no longer provide single-use plastics but they don't know where the regulations come

Bali Governor Regulation Denpasar Mayor Regulation Merely knew
Bali Governor Regulation. from. This is due to the lack of public interest in reading or more to find out about the origin of the policy. As many as two people do not agree with this policy, because it is difficult for them to shop for necessities such as meat and fish. Meanwhile, 18 people agreed to the existence of this government regulation, although some did not know the origin of the regulation. The community believes that the existence of a policy of limiting the use of single-use plastics will have an impact on pollution and waste generation.

Educator Management
The researcher also took the sample from the teaching staff because the teaching staff are people who quite often interact with students or the younger generation, so they will definitely care more about the environment. All teaching staff are aware of these regulations, both the Bali Governor Regulation and the Denpasar Mayor Regulation. Whom argue that the government's efforts have been good but there needs to be further efforts such as subjects or compulsory courses related to the environment. Students can also innovate in making plastic bags that are environmentally friendly.
For educators, this policy has a good impact in the future but must be balanced with understanding so that it becomes a culture in society.

Traders
The Ministry of Environment and Forestry has made a policy for handling plastic bags in retail and modern markets through paid plastic bags and non-free disposable plastic shopping bags in 2016 (Ekawati, 2016). For traders, the policy of using single-use plastic bags is advantageous because they don't have to pay extra to prepare plastic bags. Even retailers or supermarkets sell shopping bags that are made available to shoppers who don't have shopping bags with them. Traders agree with this policy, but they hope there is a need to find a safe and effective way to treat plastic waste.

Tourism
The researcher also provides a questionnaire to tourists to find out what tourist visitors think about the existence of this policy. At first, tourists were surprised because modern retails and stores did not provide single-use plastic bags, so tourists bought shopping bags to carry these items. But they agree with this policy and hope that with this policy tourism actors and visitors care more about the environment.
According to Guerrero et al (2013) in Septiani, Arianie, Risman, Handayani, & Kawuryan (2019), the management involves all parties, both government and society in waste management, so the participation of all parties is needed to minimize the use of disposable plastics.
The Bali government policy regarding the limitation of disposable plastic waste has an impact on the community, such as people who care more about the environment and people begin to get used to carrying shopping bags. This policy can reduce the generation of plastic waste in Denpasar, Bali.
Based on data from CNN Indonesia, 2019 shipments of plastic products to Bali have decreased by up to 30% from January to early June 2019. According to the government, it is hoped that the Governor of Bali Regulation No. 97/2018 can reduce plastic waste in Bali by 32% in 2019 (NusaBali) (CNN Indonesia, 2019)